Dab tsi yog nplaim retardant khoom?
Kuv tau txais xov tooj lub hli tas los los ntawm lub pob khoom sib dhos hauv Ohio. Nws cov neeg siv khoom xav paub yog vim li cas lawv cov ntawv pov hwm lub tsev khaws khoom tau nce 40% tom qab lawv pib khaws cov lithium cell. Lub underwriter hais tias thermal khiav tawm. Cov neeg sib dhos nug kuv tias nws tuaj yeem qhia lawv txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm electrolyte. Kuv hais rau nws ib yam li kuv qhia sawv daws. Cov kuab tshuaj carbonate hauv koj lub hlwb yuav hlawv. Lo lus nug yog koj ua li cas txog nws.
Cov electrolyte ua tau li 10-15% ntawm lub cell qhov hnyav. Ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate. Cov no yog cov neeg ua haujlwm. Lawv yaj lithium ntsev zoo. Lawv cia ions txav nrawm. Lawv kuj muaj cov ntsiab lus flash hauv 30-40℃ntau. Lub hnab punctured cell tuaj yeem ntaus 200℃sab hauv hauv ib feeb. lej tsis nyuaj.
Phosphorus tebchaw tshwm nyob rau hauv roj teeb electrolytes nyob ib ncig ntawm 2003. Trimethyl phosphate yog thawj tus neeg sim tiag. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tso PO radicals thaum nws kub. Cov radicals no lob hydrogen los ntawm nplaim taws pem hauv ntej thiab kaw cov kab hluav taws xob sib txuas. Koj tuaj yeem txiav tus kheej - lub sijhawm tua ntawm 50+ vib nas this ib gram mus rau ib tus lej. Qhov sib txawv yog viscosity. Phosphates thicken lub electrolyte. Ion conductivity poob. Koj poob peev xwm.
Rau cov tuam txhab nrhiav cov hlwb, nug kojlithium roj teeb pob manufacturershais txog electrolyte formulation yuav tsum yog tus qauv xyaum tam sim no. Cov toj roob hauv pes tau hloov pauv txij li xyoo 2020. Suav cell tsim tam sim no xa cov khoom lag luam nrog phosphate-ester blends uas ntaus tib cov nplaim hluav taws xob raws li Japanese hlwb muag rau ob zaug tus nqi tsib xyoos dhau los. Zhangjiagang Guotai-Huarong muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau ntau lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Cov kev txhim kho kev nyab xeeb tau txav mus rau hauv qab.
Cov fluorinated compounds tuaj tom qab. Hydrofluoroethers. Fluorinated carbonates zoo li FEC thiab FEMC. Fluorine atoms ntawm cov pob txha molecule cuam tshuam kev nthuav tawm radical txawv dua li phosphorus. Cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo. Cov nqi tsis yog. Cov ntaub ntawv fluorinated tseem khiav 3-5x qhov koj them rau cov qauv carbonates. Kuv paub cov txiv neej uas qhia lawv ntawm 5-10% tsuas yog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau nws
Ionic kua tau txais xovxwm ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 2015-2018. Zero vapor siab. Yuav tsis ignite nyob rau hauv ib txwm tsim txom scenario. Kuv tau mus xyuas ib lub chaw kuaj mob hauv Münster uas tau ua haujlwm rau lawv tau rau xyoo. Tus kws tshawb fawb pom kuv cov hlwb uas muaj sia nyob 200℃sab nraud cua sov yam tsis muaj qhov cua. Nws kuj tau hais rau kuv tias lawv tau them € 85 / kg rau cov kua ionic. Kev lag luam EC / DMC sib xyaw nqi qis dua € 4 / kg. Kev lag luam tua nws rau tsheb. Qee daim ntawv thov aerospace tuaj yeem nqus tus nqi ntawd. Feem ntau ua tsis tau.
Gel polymer electrolytes siv ntau txoj hauv kev. Koj ntxiab cov theem ua kua hauv lub polymer matrix. PVDF-HFP yog qhov ntau. Qee pawg tsim phosphorus ncaj qha rau hauv cov pob txha polymer. Cov nplaim retardancy dhau los ua qauv. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Qingdao University tau tshaj tawm ua haujlwm xyoo tas los ntawm cov tshuab polyimide nrog phosphazene sab chains. Tus kheej - lub sijhawm tua hluav taws hauv qab 5 vib nas this. Mechanical zog siab txaus kom qeeb dendrite kev loj hlob. Qhov kev sib tw yog kev tsim khoom. Roll-rau- yob txheej ntawm gel electrolytes tsis zoo li cov kua filling.
Thaum ntsuas akev cai lithium roj teeb tsumrau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, nug cov lus nug tshwj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb. Dab tsi yog SET ntawm koj cov tshuaj electrolyte? Dab tsi concentration ntawm nplaim retardant additive koj siv? Koj puas tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv qhia cone calorimetry? Qee cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm tes yuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv no. Lwm tus muab nws ua tus tswv. Cov khoom lag luam hwm zoo feem ntau khiav 12-18% phosphate-based additive los ntawm qhov hnyav hauv lawv cov qauv tsheb.
Kev lag luam kuaj cov nplaim hluav taws xob ntau txoj hauv kev. Tus kheej - lub sijhawm tua hluav taws yog qhov ceev. Koj ignite ib tug qauv thiab lub sij hawm ntev npaum li cas nws burns tom qab tshem tawm qhov ignition qhov chaw. Kev txwv cov pa oxygen qhia rau koj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus O2 concentration xav tau los txhawb kev sib txuas. UL 2054 thiab IEC 62133 txheej txheem dhau / tsis ua tiav rau cov hlwb tiav. Tuam Tshoj tus GB 38031-2020 xav tau 5 feeb ntawm lub sijhawm ceeb toom ua ntej thermal nthuav tawm mus txog cov hlwb nyob ib sab hauv ib pob. Lub rooj sib tham uas spec feem ntau xav tau cov nplaim hluav taws xob electrolytes.
Cov ntawv rov qab thawb qhov teeb meem no mus rau pem hauv ntej. GM rub rov qab 140,000 Bolt EVs pib xyoo 2021. Hyundai rov qab los ntawm Kona Electrics. Ford ncua kev tsim hluav taws xob. Lub hauv paus ua rau varied. Qee qhov kev tsim khoom tsis raug. Qee qhov teeb meem tsim cell. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau ua OEM kev yuav khoom lag luam nug cov lus nug nyuaj. Ib qholithium roj teeb OEM tus khubsim kom tau txais kev tsim nyog rau tsheb tam sim no ntsib kev tshuaj xyuas ntau dua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb dua li lawv tau ua hauv 2019.
Cov nqi ntawm cov khoom ntxiv mus rau cov nyiaj tiag ntawm qhov ntsuas. Ib pob 60 kWh automotive muaj kwv yees li 40-50 kg ntawm electrolyte nyob ntawm hom cell thiab thauj khoom. Ntxiv 15% nplaim retardant ntawm $15/kg incremental nqi txhais tau tias $90-110 ib pob. Tus nqi ntawm tes tau nqis qis dua $ 100 / kWh rau qhov pheej yig LFP prismatic hlwb tawm ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Cov nplaim hluav taws kub yog kwv yees li 1.5% ntawm tus nqi ntawm tes. Pawg neeg yuav khoom sib cav txog cov nyiaj npib ib kWh. Qhov no tsis yog pennies.
Rau cov tuam txhab tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog alithium roj teeb module los ua ke muab kev pabcuam, electrolyte specification feem ntau tau overlooked nyob rau hauv kev sib tham thaum ntxov. Cov neeg tsom mus rau lub peev xwm, lub neej voj voog, C- tus nqi. nplaim retardancy tshwm sim tom qab, feem ntau yog thaum tus neeg siv khoom kawg nug txog cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb. Los ntawm ces lub cell tsim yog xauv. Retrofitting ib tug txawv electrolyte formulation yuav hloov impedance, muaj peev xwm, thiab aging yam ntxwv. Zoo dua los qhia ua ntej.
Cov kav dej tshawb fawb tau nthuav ua haujlwm hauv nws. Localized high-concentration electrolytes siv phosphate solvents diluted nrog tsis yog{2}}flammable fluorinated ethers. Koj tau txais cov nplaim retardancy ntawm phosphates nrog viscosity thiab conductivity ntawm ib txwm carbonates. Argonne tau tshaj tawm txog qhov no. Ob peb lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv Suav teb tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv. Kev lag luam muaj peev xwm yog 2-3 xyoos tawm rau qib tsheb.
Khoom- lub xeev cov cell yuav daws tau qhov teeb meem flammability nkaus. Ceramic thiab sulfide electrolytes tsis hlawv. Lawv kuj tseem tsis tau muaj nyob rau ntawm cov khoom siv tsheb loj tsis tau. CATL, Samsung SDI, Toyota, thiab QuantumScape txhua tus tau thawb lawv cov khoom ruaj khov- lub xeev ncua sij hawm los ntawm 2-4 xyoo hauv kev tshaj tawm tsis ntev los no. Ib qholithium roj teeb kev nyab xeeb kev daws teeb meemyuav qhia rau koj tias cov nplaim hluav taws xob ua kua electrolytes tseem yog cov lus teb siv tau los ntawm tsawg kawg 2028 rau feem ntau cov ntawv thov.
Kuv siv kaum tsib xyoos ua haujlwm ntawm qhov teeb meem no hauv ntau lub luag haujlwm. Cov tshuab tau zoo dua. Cov nqi tau poob lawm. Cell hluav taws tseem tshwm sim. Lawv tshwm sim tsawg dua li lawv tau ua kaum xyoo dhau los, thiab cov hlwb niaj hnub no khaws ntau lub zog ntau dua li cov hlwb. Kev lag luam tau txav mus rau qhov raug. Muaj ntau txoj haujlwm ua.
