Kev tiv thaiv roj teeb yog dab tsi?

Cia kuv ua ncaj ncees ua ntej: feem ntau cov roj teeb hluav taws xob peb tau pom hauv kev lag luam no tsis yog qhov tsis paub. Lawv tau kwv yees tau. Ib tug neeg hla ib txheej tiv thaiv kom txuag tau $ 50, lossis tus thawj tswj kev yuav khoom tau xaiv qhov pheej yig tshaj BMS ntawm Alibaba, lossis - thiab qhov no tshwm sim ntau dua li qhov koj xav tau - tus neeg tsav tsheb forklift tau tso cov khoom them thaum hmo ntuj hauv lub tsev uas tsis muaj cua nkag thaum lub caij ntuj sov.

Kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb roj teeb tsis yog ib qho kev paub daws teeb meem engineering. Nws yog kev sau cov khoom siv kho vajtse, software, thiab cov kev xaiv tsim uas ua kom koj cov roj teeb $ 15,000 los ntawm kev hloov mus rau $ 150,000 daim ntawv pov hwm. Los yog phem dua.

Peb tau tsim cov pob LiFePO4 rau kev tuav cov khoom siv thiab kev lag luam tsheb rau ntau tshaj kaum xyoo tam sim no. Kab lus no yog txhua yam peb xav kom ib tug neeg tau hais rau peb thaum peb pib- ntxiv rau ob peb nqe lus uas peb tau kawm nyuaj.

Kev lag luam qib prismatic hlwb xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo.

Vim Li Cas LiFePO4 thiab Vim Li Cas Nws Tseem Xav Tau Kev Tiv Thaiv

Nov yog cov lus nug uas peb tau txais los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tas li: "Kuv xav tias lithium hlau phosphate yog cov tshuaj muaj kev nyab xeeb. Vim li cas kuv thiaj xav tau tag nrho cov khoom tiv thaiv no?"

Ncaj ncees taw tes. LiFePO4 muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li NCM lossis NCA. Cov qauv siv lead ua olivine tsis tso pa tawm thaum nws kub, uas txhais tau tias nws yuav tsis ua rau nws tus kheej hluav taws kub li ternary chemistry. Peb tau ua tiav cov ntsia hlau nkag mus rau ntawm lub hlwb los ntawm tsib tus neeg xa khoom sib txawv-LiFePO4 hlwb feem ntau ntaus tej zaum 150℃thiab tsuas yog zaum ntawm kev haus luam yeeb. NCM hlwb hauv tib qhov kev sim? Peb tau pom 600℃+ thiab cov nplaim taws tiag tiag.

Tab sis "kev nyab xeeb" tsis txhais hais tias "kev nyab xeeb." Peb muaj ib tus neeg siv khoom hauv xyoo 2021- tuam txhab logistics hauv Guangdong- uas xam LiFePO4 txhais tau tias lawv tsis xav tau kev ntsuas kub. Txuag tej zaum 800 RMB ib pob. Tom qab ntawd lub yim hli ntuj tuaj, lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntaus 45℃ambient, them system tsis muaj thermal derating, thiab lawv xaus nrog peb o pob thiab ib qho uas ua tau vented. Tsis muaj leej twg raug mob, ua tsaug. Tab sis tam sim no lawv yog peb cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab tshaj plaws rau BMS tag nrho.

Yam khoom uas ua rau muaj hluav taws

Tom qab pom ntau qhov kev ua tsis tiav (peb thiab cov neeg sib tw '), ntawm no yog qhov ua yuam kev:

Kev them nyiaj yog qhov twg 70% ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim.Tsis tso tawm, tsis khaws cia - them. Tshwj xeeb:

• Kev them nqi qis dua 0℃yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv qis dua -. Lithium daim hlau mus rau lub anode es tsis txhob intercalating kom zoo. Koj tsis pom nws tshwm sim. Rau lub hlis tom qab, nyob rau hauv luv luv Circuit Court, thermal runaway. Peb muaj ib tug neeg muas zaub nyob rau hauv Harbin kawm no ib tug kim txoj kev.
• Kev them nyiaj ntau dhau vim qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob BMS drifted thiab tsis muaj leej twg pom. Cells ntsuas rau 3.65V tau thawb mus rau 3.8V txhua lub voj voog. Ua hauj lwm zoo rau peb lub hlis, ces ib hnub nws tsis.
• Charger -BMS kev sib txuas lus tsis ua hauj lwm. Charger xav tias roj teeb nyob ntawm 50% SOC, roj teeb yog tiag tiag ntawm 95%. Tam sim no puv rau hauv yuav luag - pob tag nrho. Lub sijhawm phem.

Cell imbalance uas tsis muaj leej twg saib.Hauv 16S pob, yog tias ib lub xov tooj muaj 50mAh qis dua lwm tus, nws yuav ntaus 100% SOC ua ntej pob ua. Cia caij tsheb kauj vab yam tsis muaj kev sib npaug, lub xov tooj ntawm tes tau dhau los ntawm txhua lub sijhawm. Peb tau pom cov pob khoom rov qab rau kev lees paub qhov twg ib lub xov tooj ntawm 3.9V thaum tus so zaum ntawm 3.5V. Qhov ntawd yog hluav taws tos kom tshwm sim.

Mechanical kev puas tsuaj uas cuam tshuam qhov sib cais.Forklifts tsoo rau tej yam. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb xwb. Yog tias qhov cuam tshuam ua rau lub hlwb puas tsuaj rau sab hauv-txawm tias kev tshuaj xyuas sab nraud zoo li zoo- koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov luv luv sab hauv. Qhov no yog vim li cas peb spec steel casings rau forklift daim ntaub ntawv, tsis yog txhuas. Yog, nws hnyav dua. Yog, nws tsim nyog nws.

Kev tiv thaiv nquag: Khaws cov teeb meem los ntawm kev pib

Kev lag luam faib qhov no ua "active" thiab "passive" tiv thaiv. Active txhais tau tias tiv thaiv tej yam phem tsis tshwm sim. Passive txhais tau tias tswj kev puas tsuaj thaum lawv tshwm sim lawm.

Pib nrog cov hlwb lawv tus kheej

Suab pom tseeb, tab sis: yuav cov hlwb zoo. Peb tau sim cov hlwb los ntawm tej zaum 20 tus neeg muab khoom sib txawv hauv lub xyoo. Kev kis tau zoo yog qhov txaus ntshai tiag tiag. Tib nominal specs, txawv kiag li tus cwj pwm nyob rau hauv kev tsim txom kev sim.

Yuav nrhiav dab tsi yog tias koj tab tom ntsuas ib qhoindustrial lithium roj teeb tsum:

• Nug rau tus ntsia thawv nkag mus rau cov yeeb yaj kiab. Tsis yog daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv- cov yeeb yaj kiab tiag tiag. Cov hlwb zoo haus luam yeeb thiab nws hnov. Cov hlwb tsis zoo jet nplaim taws.
• Tshawb xyuas cov khoom cais. Ceramic-coated separators tuav thermal stress txoj kev zoo dua. Peb tau hloov mus rau ceramic-coated tshwj xeeb hauv 2019 tom qab kev sib cais tsis zoo ntawm cov pa sib cais ua rau peb qhov ua tsis tiav hauv ib lub hlis twg.
• Electrolyte additives tseem ceeb. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv overcharge- cov khoom no tsis yog kev lag luam, nws yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes uas ua tsis tau zoo thiab ib qho uas ua tsis ncaj ncees.

Peb tau siv ob xyoos tsim nyog rau peb cov khoom siv xov tooj tam sim no. Mus xyuas lub Hoobkas plaub zaug. Saib lawv cov txheej txheem QC. Nws dhuav ua hauj lwm tab sis yog vim li cas peb pw hmo ntuj.

BMS yog lub hlwb ntawm lub roj teeb, saib xyuas qhov voltage, tam sim no, thiab kub.

BMS: lub hlwb uas ua kom txhua yam ciaj sia

Cia peb ua tiag tiag-BMS tuaj yeem yog dab tsi los ntawm $ 15 ib zaug -chip daws rau $ 500 multi- pawg thawj coj saib nrog rov ua dua. Koj tau txais yam koj them rau.

Cov teeb meem pheej yig BMS peb tau pom:

• Kev ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm ± 30mV. Ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes nrog 100mV nruab nrab ntawm "tag nrho" thiab "muaj kev phom sij ntau dhau," uas tsis zoo txaus.
• Tsis muaj cell balancing, lossis passive balancing nkaus xwb. Passive ntsuas ntawm 50mA yuav siv lub lis piam los kho qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tseem ceeb.
• Ib qho -point- ntawm - tsis ua haujlwm tsim. Ib lub MOSFET tuag, tag nrho cov pob tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv.
• Tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias sensors, lossis ib lub sensor rau tag nrho pob. Thermal gradients hauv ib pob 20kWh tuaj yeem yooj yim ntaus 15 degree. Ib lub sensor qhia koj tsis muaj dab tsi.

Qhov zoo ntawm BMS ua li cas:

• Saib xyuas txhua lub cell voltage ntawm tus kheej. Tsis module-level, cell-level.
• Kev ntsuas ntsuas ntawm cov ntsiab lus tam sim no (peb khiav 1A + ntawm peb pob)
• Ntau qhov kub thiab txias sensors nrog txoj hauj lwm teev
• Tam sim no sensing muaj tseeb txaus los ua tiag coulomb suav
• Kev sib txuas lus nrog lub charger rau kev sib koom tes tiv thaiv
• Hardware backup disconnects ywj siab ntawm lub ntsiab processor

Tus nqi sib txawv ntawm cov khib nyiab BMS thiab ib qho tsim nyog yuav yog $ 200-300 ntawm lub pob forklift. Cov pob raug nqi $8,000+. Lub forklift nqi $30,000+. Lub tsev khaws khoom uas nws zaum hauv yog tsim nyog ... koj pom qhov no mus.

Thaum cov neeg siv khoom nug peb cov lus qhia txog kev xaiv ib qholithium roj teeb manufacturers, peb qhia lawv: nug txog BMS. Nug kom pom cov schematic. Yog tias lawv tsis qhia koj, taug kev mus.

Kev tswj kev them nyiaj: qhov twg feem ntau qhov hluav taws kub pib tiag tiag

Peb tau hais qhov no lawm tab sis nws dais rov qab. Kev them nyiaj yog qhov txaus ntshai.

Nov yog qhov kev tiv thaiv kev them nyiaj zoo li cas:

Qhov kub thiab txias- them nyiaj them.Hauv qab 0 degree? Tsis txhob them, lossis them tus nqi qis tam sim no. Tshaj 45 degree? Tib deal. Qhov no tsis yog xaiv tau. Peb cov pob khoom txheem yuav tsis lees txais cov nqi qis dua -10℃- lub BMS tsuas yog tsis kam kaw tus nqi contactor.

Cov lus ceeb toom: peb tau muaj cov neeg muag khoom cog lus rau cov neeg siv khoom "-20℃them peev xwm" thiab tom qab ntawd engineering yuav tsum tau piav qhia vim li cas qhov ntawd tsis tshwm sim. Lithium plating yog lithium plating. Physics tsis quav ntsej txog koj lub hom phiaj muag.

Voltage-raws li kev txiav tawm nrog cov npoo.Yog tias cov hlwb raug ntsuas 3.65V max, peb txiav tawm ntawm 3.60V. Yog, koj poob tej zaum 2-3% usable peev. Koj kuj tsis tshuab. Kev sib raug zoo.

Kev Tiv Thaiv Passive: Thaum Tej Yam Ua Tsis Zoo Lawm

Saib, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb thiab cov khoom yuav tseem qee zaum ua tsis tiav. Lub tsheb thauj khoom hla koj lub pob roj teeb. Ib tug dej nyab shorts tawm lub electronics. Ib tug neeg tsis quav ntsej txhua qhov lus ceeb toom thiab yuam kom them nqi ntawm -30℃vim tias kev xa khoom yuav tsum tawm mus.

Kev tiv thaiv Passive yog hais txog kev txwv kev puas tsuaj thaum kev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm.

Thermal barriers

Nruab nrab ntawm cov cell, nruab nrab ntawm modules, thiab nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pob sab nrauv. Lub hom phiaj tsis yog kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov khiav tawm -ib zaug nws pib, nws mus. Lub hom phiaj yog kom qeeb propagation kom koj muaj sij hawm los teb.

Peb siv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntawv ceramic fiber ntau ntawm module thiab airgel pam vov ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv. Tsis pheej yig. Tab sis thaum ib lub cell mus, cov hlwb uas nyob ib sab muaj ib qho ntxiv 30-60 vib nas this ua ntej lawv ntaus kub tseem ceeb. Qhov ntawd yog lub sijhawm txaus rau cov tshuab tua hluav taws kom qhib lossis rau lub pob kom tshem tawm thiab tso tawm kom nyab xeeb.

Rau tus neeg yuav khoom los ntawm aLiFePO4 roj teeb kev daws teeb meem, nug txog thermal barrier specs. Yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj txog thermal conductivity thiab ignition tsis kam ntawm lawv cov khoom thaiv, qhov ntawd yog tus chij liab.

Kev tua hluav taws

Rau siab - kev teeb tsa muaj txiaj ntsig, koj xav tau kev tawm tsam tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem tua hluav taws tsis ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov roj teeb lithium - qhov hluav taws kub yog sab hauv, tsav los ntawm tus kheej - cov cua kub uas dej tsis tuaj yeem nres.

Peb tau ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuab tua hluav taws uas siv cov tshuaj perfluorohexanone-raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm. Lawv txias cov hlwb thaum chemically cuam tshuam nrog combustion. Tsis zoo tag nrho, tab sis ua tau zoo dua li sim tshuaj tsuag CO2 ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab hauv.

Kev hais lus tiag tiag: kev tawm tsam yog qhov chaw kawg. Yog tias koj lub zog tua hluav taws qhib, koj lub roj teeb twb puas lawm. Koj tsuas yog txwv kev puas tsuaj rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Zoo dua tsis xav tau.

Kev tsim vaj huam sib luag

Lub thawv ntim yuav tsum ua ntau yam:

• Npog cov pa cua thiab coj lawv mus deb ntawm tib neeg
• Ciaj sia taus kev tsim txom mechanical (forklift packs poob, ntaus, khiav mus rau tej yam)
• Khaws qhov ntsuas IP txawm tias tom qab muaj kev cuam tshuam
• Cia cov cua sov dissipation thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj thaum muaj cua sov thaum lub sijhawm thermal

Peb spec steel enclosures nrog cov lus qhia venting txoj kev rau tag nrho peb cov ntawv thov forklift. Txoj kev ua pa tseem ceeb -koj tsis xav tau cov pa roj superheated rau tus neeg teb xov tooj lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Fault Diagnostic: Teeb meem ua ntej lawv ua hluav taws

Qhov no yog ib feem uas cais cov roj teeb loj ntawm cov khoom pheej yig.

Tiag - lub sij hawm soj ntsuam catches tam sim ntawd txaus ntshai-voltage poob thaum lub sij hawm tso tawm txhais tau tias ib yam dab tsi luv luv; kub spiking thaum lub sij hawm them nyiaj txhais tau hais tias ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Cov no xav tau kev tiv thaiv tam sim ntawd.

Tab sis cov khoom tseem ceeb yog kev tsom xam. Ib lub xov tooj ntawm tes uas tsis tu ncua 5℃sov dua li nws cov neeg nyob ze tej zaum tau nce siab hauv qhov tsis kam. Nws tsis txaus ntshai hnub no. Nws yuav nyob rau hauv rau lub hlis. Ib tug zoo BMS teev cov ntaub ntawv no, chij tus qauv, thiab cia koj hais nws thaum lub sij hawm teem tseg txij nkawm es tsis txhob thaum lub sij hawm ib tug warehouse fire.

Peb ua cov ntaub ntawv txhua hli rub tawm ntawm tag nrho peb cov nkoj thauj khoom - cov pob khoom xa tawm. Peb tau ntes tau tsim qhov yuam kev tsawg kawg yog kaum lub sijhawm uas yuav dhau los ua qhov tsis ua haujlwm yog tias tsis quav ntsej. Ib pob tau pom ib lub xov tooj ntawm tes drifting 20mV siab tshaj peb lub hlis. Rub nws, tshuaj xyuas, pom thaum ntxov -theem cais degradation. Hloov lub module, pob tseem ua haujlwm zoo ob xyoos tom qab.

Yog hais tias koj tab tom tham nrog ib lub peev xwmlithium roj teeb OEM tus khub, nug txog lawv lub peev xwm kuaj mob. Nug kom pom cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia cov nkoj. Yog tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj qhov kev tsom xam thiab kev saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv kwv yees, lawv cov BMS tej zaum tsuas yog ua qhov kev saib xyuas qhov pib yooj yim xwb -uas yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus.

Cov Qauv thiab Qhov Lawv Tiag Tiag

UN38.3, IEC 62619, UL 1973-koj yuav pom cov ntawv pov thawj no nyob txhua qhov chaw. Nov yog qhov tseeb tsis xis nyob: dhau cov qauv no txhais tau tias koj lub roj teeb ua tau raws li qhov xav tau yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Nws tsis txhais hais tias nws zoo.

Peb tau sim cov pob khoom sib tw uas muaj tag nrho cov ntawv pov thawj thiab tseem ua tsis tiav qhov kev sim ua phem rau peb khiav hauv -tsev. Cov qauv yog pem teb, tsis yog lub qab nthab.

Qhov ntawd hais tias, yog tias tus neeg muag khoom tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj cov ntawv pov thawj no, khiav tawm. Lawv yog rooj ceg txheem ntseeg. Tsuas yog tsis txhob xav tias daim ntawv pov thawj sib npaug zoo.

Peb qhov kev ntsuam xyuas sab hauv mus dhau qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Txo qhov kub thiab txias. Kev tsim txom siab dua tam sim no. Ntxiv thermal cycling. Peb xav paub yuav ua li cas peb cov pob ua tsis tau zoo, tsis yog tias lawv dhau qhov kev sim tshwj xeeb.

Rau cov neeg muas zaub uas xav tau kev cai configurations - txawv voltages, tshwj xeeb daim ntawv yam, kev koom ua ke nrog proprietary systems- ua hauj lwm nrog ib tugkev cai lithium roj teeb manufacturersleej twg ua qhov kev sim txuas ntxiv no tsim nyog tus nqi. Daim ntawv pov thawj qhia koj lub pob raws li txoj cai. Qhov kev sim txuas ntxiv qhia koj tias nws yuav ua li cas hauv koj daim ntawv thov.

Yam Peb Xav Kom Tau

Tom qab tag nrho cov no, koj yuav tsum ua li cas yog tias koj tab tom teev cov roj teeb rau kev lag luam?

Ua siab ncaj, qhov kev lag luam no tau zoo dua hauv tsib xyoos dhau los. Thaum peb pib, ib nrab ntawm cov pob khoom ntawm kev ua lag luam yog lub sijhawm foob pob. Tam sim no cov neeg muag khoom loj tshaj plaws tab tom tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo. Tab sis "tsim nyog muaj kev nyab xeeb" tseem tso chaw rau hom nqi - txiav uas ua rau hluav taws kub. Koj txoj haujlwm yog txheeb xyuas seb cov neeg muag khoom twg ua haujlwm tiag tiag thiab cov twg tsuas yog khij lub thawv.

Roj teeb kev nyab xeeb tsis tau ntxim hlub. Nws tsis ua lag luam zoo. Tsis muaj leej twg tau yuav lub forklift vim tias lub roj teeb muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws thermal runaway propagation resistance.

Tab sis tau txais nws tsis ncaj ncees lawm thiab txhua yam tsis muaj teeb meem sai sai. Peb tau tsim peb lub koob npe nrov ntawm cov pob khoom uas tsuas yog ua haujlwm, xyoo tom qab xyoo, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas yuav tua cov tshuab pheej yig dua. Nov yog qhov koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav hauv txhua tus neeg xa khoom koj ntsuas.

Cov lus nug? Peb ib txwm zoo siab los tham los ntawm cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb nyob ntawm no.