Cov txheej txheem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv
Txoj kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ib leeg ntawm tes
Lub roj teeb ntawm tes hluav taws xob tau txais module yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub hwj chim roj teeb tswj system. Nws qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab qhov tseeb txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv roj teeb, thiab ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov tswv yim tswj tom ntej. Feem ntau siv txoj hauv kev los ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm tes suav nrog txoj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov txheej txheem qhov tam sim no, cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib cais, cov txheej txheem kev hloov hluav taws xob / zaus hloov hluav taws xob, thiab cov kab hluav taws xob optocoupler amplifier circuit acquisition method.
1. Relay Array Method
Daim duab 8-6 qhia txog daim duab thaiv ntawm lub roj teeb hluav taws xob tau txais hluav taws xob raws li txoj hauv kev relay array. Nws muaj lub davhlau ya nyob twg voltage sensor, relay array, A-D (analog-to-}digital) converter nti, optocoupler, thiab multiplexer. Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm n roj teeb txuas nrog hauv koob, n+1 cov xov hlau yuav tsum tau txuas mus rau txhua qhov ntawm lub pob roj teeb. Thaum ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm m-th roj teeb, lub microcontroller xa cov teeb liab tswj hwm, uas xaiv qhov tsim nyog relay los ntawm multiplexer, optocoupler, thiab relay tsav Circuit Court, txuas m-th thiab m+1-th xov hlau mus rau A{14.}}D converter nti Feem ntau, qhov tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv hloov pauv yog qhov me me, thiab qhov yuam kev tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv hloov pauv yuav luag tsis pom zoo tom qab kev sib txuas nrog cov hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov qauv Circuit Court yog yooj yim; tsuas yog qhov voltage divider resistors, AD converter nti, thiab qhov voltage siv qhov tseeb cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kawg tshwm sim. Qhov yuam kev ntawm cov resistors thiab cov nti tuaj yeem ua rau me me heev. Yog li ntawd, txoj kev relay array yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau ntsuas cov roj teeb hluav taws xob siab thiab qhov raug siab.
2. Txoj Kev Nthuav Tam Sim No
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob uas siv cov khoom siv tam sim no yog hloov lub roj teeb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau hauv ib qho kev hloov pauv tam sim no tsis tas siv lub zog hloov pauv. Qhov no txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv - muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv ib qho -theem roj teeb pob, vim hais tias lub roj teeb lub davhlau ya nyob twg voltage yog tsawg, feem ntau ntawm 2V thiab 5V, qhov voltage kuj ruaj khov thaum lub sij hawm tso tawm, yog li txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv - cuam tshuam muaj peev xwm. Yog li ntawd, ib qho - channel ua haujlwm amplifier feem ntau raug xaiv hauv cov txheej txheem tsim kom ua tiav qhov no. Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim thiab kev siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem siv ntau yam sib txawv.
Lub voj voog qhia hauv daim duab 8-7 yog ib qho piv txwv; nws yog qhov chaw tam sim no tsis tu ncua uas tsim los ntawm cov koob - xaiv lub tshuab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab ib qho insulated - rooj vag cuam tshuam transistor.
Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov qauv ntawm kev ua haujlwm amplifier, qhov Circuit Court no yog ntau-theem ncaj qha-coupled amplifier circuit nrog qhib siab -loop nce thiab sib sib zog nqus tawm tswv yim. Nws theem input siv ib tug sib txawv amplifier Circuit Court thiab yog kev koom ua ke nyob rau hauv tib silicon nti, uas ua rau cov kev ua tau zoo heev txuam ntawm ob, thiab theem nrab muaj peev xwm amplification siab. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov hluav taws xob sib txawv, qhov Circuit Court no muaj zog heev - hom teeb liab tsis lees paub muaj peev xwm. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm los ntsuas qhov voltage ntawm ib tus neeg lub hlwb hauv lub pob roj teeb, qhov siab tshaj - hom kev tsis lees paub thiab muaj peev xwm nthuav dav yuav txhim kho qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb. Ib qho insulated -gate field-effect transistor (IGFET) yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv cov hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tswj cov zis hluav taws xob tam sim no. Thaum nws ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam kuj sib txawv, qhov tso zis tawm tam sim no I yog linearly cuam tshuam nrog cov dej nkag tawm - qhov chaw voltage Us. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub rooj vag- qhov chaw impedance ntawm lub transistor siab heev, ua rau muaj qhov ntws tawm me me, thaum lub qhov dej ntws tawm - qhov chaw ntawm - tsis kam yog me me, ua rau muaj tsawg heev ntawm - lub xeev voltage poob. Daim duab 8-7 siv P-kev txhim kho channel-mode teb- cuam tshuam transistor (FET), thiab Zener diode txuas los tswj lub qhov rooj tsis tu ncua- qhov chaw voltage Ucs. Lub chaw ua haujlwm amplifier ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam linear. Yog tias qhov qis ntawm -tsis kam FET raug xaiv, qhov kev poob qis hauv lub xeev yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Yog li ntawd,
ua tau
Nyob rau hauv cov kab zauv saum toj no, qhov txawv ntawm u₁ thiab u₂ yog lub roj teeb davhlau ya nyob twg voltage, thiab U₁ yog cov zis voltage ntawm lub inverting ua hauj lwm amplifier Circuit Court. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom pom tias Zener diode txuas nrog cov zis ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm muab cov lus tawm tswv yim, ua kom lub voj voog nyob hauv lub xeev sib npaug. V₀ ↑ → |Uz| ↓ → IL ↓ → |VR| ↓ → VI ↑ → |V₀| ↓ Qhov twg V₀ yog qhov tso zis voltage ntawm kev ua haujlwm amplifier; VR yog qhov voltage hla resistor R₁; thiab VI yog qhov sib txawv input voltage ntawm kev ua haujlwm amplifier, piv txwv li, VI=U₁ - U₂. Thaum lub voj voog nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug, VI=0. Qhov tam sim no qhov chaw Circuit Court muaj cov qauv yooj yim, muaj zog ntau- hom kev tsis lees paub muaj peev xwm, qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig siab, thiab kev ua tau zoo.
3. Isolation Operational Amplifier
Ib qho kev sib cais ua haujlwm amplifier yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj peev xwm ntawm hluav taws xob cais tawm cov cim analog. Nws yog dav siv raws li kev cais tawm hauv kev tswj cov txheej txheem kev lag luam thiab kev sib cais tawm hauv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws feem ntau muaj ob qhov chaw: ib qho kev tawm tswv yim thiab ntu tso zis. Cov no yog powered nyias thiab ua ke los ntawm magnetic coupling. Lub teeb liab yog modulated los ntawm cov input seem, dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem cais, thiab ces demodulated thiab rov qab los ntawm cov zis seem. Kev rho tawm ua haujlwm amplifiers yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov roj teeb cell voltage tau txais circuits. Lawv cais cov input roj teeb lub davhlau ya nyob twg voltage teeb liab los ntawm lub Circuit Court, yog li zam kev cuam tshuam sab nraud thiab txhim kho qhov system tau txais qhov tseeb thiab kev ntseeg tau. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm daim ntawv thov raug muab hauv qab no.
Daim duab 8.8 qhia tau hais tias daim ntawv thov ntawm kev sib cais ua haujlwm amplifier hauv 600V fais fab roj teeb tswj qhov system. Lub roj teeb pob muaj 50 kab rov tav lead-acid roj teeb nrog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm 12V, thiab lawv qhov hluav taws xob davhlau ya nyob twg tau txais ib qho los ntawm ib qho los ntawm kev sib cais ua haujlwm amplifier Circuit Court. ISO 122 yog ib qho kev sib cais amplifier tsim los nrog kev hloov kho thiab kev siv thev naus laus zis tau ntim los ntawm Black & Decker (BBB) hauv Tebchaws Meskas, siv cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob precision sib txuas thiab cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke dual - hauv - kab (DIP) pin kev npaj. Cov kev tawm tswv yim thiab cov khoom tso tawm ntawm ISO 122 yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntsuas hluav taws xob, sib cais los ntawm ob qhov sib tw 1pF capacitors tsim cov txheej txheem cais. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob sib cais yog ntau dua 1500V (AC 60Hz txuas ntxiv), nrog rau kev sib cais siab impedance thiab siab nce qhov tseeb thiab linearity, yog li ua tau raws li cov kev cai thov. Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 8.8, lub zog input ntawm ISO 122 yog kos los ntawm cov roj teeb tsis siv neeg, thiab cov teeb liab tso zis, uas muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog nws, yog multiplexed, ces cia li muab faib los ntawm ob precision resistors tswj los ntawm microcontroller ua ntej xa mus rau cov tswv yim. Lub hwj chim tso zis yog muab los ntawm lub hwj chim mov module ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm Circuit Court, thiab lub roj teeb lub davhlau ya nyob twg voltage yog cais. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg voltage acquisition circuit ntawm lub 50th roj teeb, ib tug inverter yog ntxiv tom qab lub cais ua hauj lwm amplifier Circuit Court hloov lub tso zis teeb liab los ntawm qhov tsis zoo mus rau qhov zoo. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau taw qhia tias txawm hais tias kev sib cais ua haujlwm amplifier tau txais Circuit Court muaj kev ua tau zoo, nws cov nqi siab tau txwv nws cov ntawv thov dav.
4. Voltage/Frequency Conversion Circuit Acquisition Method
Thaum siv qhov hloov hluav taws xob / zaus (V / F) hloov hluav taws xob kom tau txais roj teeb ntawm tes, V / F converter yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nws yog cov khoom siv uas hloov cov cim hluav taws xob rau hauv cov cim zaus, muab qhov tseeb zoo, linearity, thiab cov tswv yim sib xyaw.
Daim duab 8-9 qhia txog Circuit Court schematic ntawm LM331 V/F converter siv rau siab -precision V/F conversion. LM331 yog qhov ua tau zoo - kev ua haujlwm sib xyaw V / F nti tsim los ntawm FS Microcontroller. Nws siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshiab uas tau them nyiaj rov qab bandgap siv hluav taws xob, muab qhov tseeb siab heev thoob plaws tag nrho cov kev khiav hauj lwm kub thiab ntawm lub hwj chim mov voltages tsawg li 4.0V.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tau txais no, lub teeb liab hluav taws xob ncaj qha hloov mus rau hauv lub teeb liab zaus, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm microcontroller lub txee qhov chaw nres nkoj yam tsis xav tau A -D hloov dua siab tshiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau ntxiv V / F hloov hluav taws xob hauv lub roj teeb ntawm tes hluav taws xob tau txais qhov system, cov kev xaiv sib txuas thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm amplifier circuits kuj yuav tsum tau tsim los ua kom tiav ntau- channel tau txais kev ua haujlwm. Txoj kev no suav nrog cov khoom tsawg dua, tab sis qhov voltage- tswj oscillator muaj cov capacitors, thiab cov txheeb ze yuam kev ntawm cov capacitors feem ntau loj, nrog cov capacitors loj dua cov txheeb ze loj dua.
5. Linear Optocoupler Amplifier Circuit Acquisition Method
Lub roj teeb ntawm tes hluav taws xob tau txais Circuit Court raws li cov kab hluav taws xob optocoupler ua tiav qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov teeb liab tau txais qhov kawg thiab kev ua tiav, yog li txhim kho lub voj voog kev ruaj ntseg thiab tiv thaiv - muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam. Daim duab 8-10 qhia tau hais tias TIL300 linear optocoupler, uas muaj ib qho kev tawm tswv yim photodiode bifurcated los ntawm infrared LED illumination thiab tso zis photodiode. Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yog siv los them nyiaj rau qhov tsis muaj linearity ntawm LED lub sij hawm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau cov teeb liab tso tawm linearly proportional rau servo luminous flux tawm los ntawm LED. Lub TIL300 muaj qhov sib cais siab tshaj plaws ntawm 3500V, qhov bandwidth ntau dua 200kHz, yog tsim rau kev cais tawm ntawm DC thiab AC cov cim, thiab muaj qhov tso tawm kom ruaj khov ntawm ± 0.05% / degree. Raws li tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab, tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm ib lub roj teeb ib leeg (qhov txawv ntawm U1 thiab U2) tau hloov mus rau hauv lub teeb liab tam sim no Ip los ntawm kev ua haujlwm amplifier A thiab ntws los ntawm linear optocoupler TIL300. Tom qab opto- cais tawm, nws tso tawm ib qho tam sim no Ip2 uas yog linearly ntsig txog Ip1. Qhov tam sim no yog tom qab ntawd hloov rov qab rau hauv tus nqi hluav taws xob los ntawm kev ua haujlwm amplifier A2 rau A-D hloov dua siab tshiab thiab tau txais cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias ob qhov kawg ntawm linear optocoupler xav tau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, sau npe I+12V thiab ± 12V hauv daim duab. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias linear optocoupler amplifier Circuit Court tsis tsuas yog muaj kev sib cais muaj zog thiab tiv thaiv - cuam tshuam kev muaj peev xwm tab sis kuj tswj tau zoo linearity ntawm analog teeb liab thaum kis tau tus mob. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog relay arrays lossis gating circuits hauv ntau lub tshuab tau txais. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov circuitry yog qhov nyuaj, thiab ntau yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nws qhov tseeb.
Txoj Kev Taug Kev Kub Kub
Roj teeb kev khiav hauj lwm kub tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau lub roj teeb kev ua tau zoo tab sis kuj ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, qhov tseeb kub parameter tau txais yog qhov tseem ceeb. Tau txais qhov kub thiab txias tsis yooj yim; tus yuam sij yog xaiv qhov ntsuas kub kom haum. Tam sim no, muaj ntau yam kub sensors, xws li thermistor, thermocouples, thermistor transistors, thiab kev ntsuas kub sib xyaw.
1. Thermistor Acquisition Method
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov thermistor nrhiav tau txoj hauv kev yog raws li cov yam ntxwv uas qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub thermistor hloov nrog kub. Ib tug ruaj resistor yog txuas nrog nyob rau hauv series nrog lub thermistor los ua ib tug voltage divider, yog li hloov cov kub theem mus rau hauv ib tug voltage teeb liab. Cov teeb liab no yog tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas kub digital los ntawm analog - mus rau - digital conversion. Thermistors yog pheej yig tab sis tsis zoo linearity thiab feem ntau muaj qhov ua yuam kev loj heev.
2. Thermocouple Acquisition Method
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub thermocouple yog tias lub cev bimetallic tsim cov thermoelectric sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Los ntawm kev tau txais qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm, qhov ntsuas kub tuaj yeem tau los ntawm kev saib lub rooj. Txij li thaum tus nqi hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm tsuas yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov tseeb ntawm thermocouples yog siab heev. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias qhov ntsuas kub muaj peev xwm yog millivolt- theem teeb liab, yuav tsum muaj kev nthuav dav, ua rau sab nraud circuitry complex. Feem ntau, cov hlau muaj cov ntsiab lus melting siab, yog li cov thermocouples feem ntau yog siv rau siab - ntsuas kub.
3. Integrated Temperature Sensor Acquisition Method
Raws li qhov ntsuas kub tau dhau los ua ntau dua hauv lub neej niaj hnub thiab kev tsim khoom, cov tuam txhab semiconductor tau qhia ntau qhov ntsuas kub sib xyaw. Txawm hais tias ntau ntawm cov sensors no yog raws li cov thermistor, lawv tau ntsuas thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, ua rau muaj qhov tseeb piv rau cov thermocouples. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem tso tawm cov txiaj ntsig digital ncaj qha, ua rau lawv zoo - haum rau kev siv hauv cov tshuab digital.
Txoj Kev Tau Txais Tam Sim No
Cov kev tshawb pom tam sim no muaj xws li shunts, transformers, Hall effect tam sim no sensors, thiab fiber optic sensors.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua txoj kev muaj qhia hauv Table 8-1.
| Yam khoom | Shunt | Hloov pauv | Hall Element Tam sim no Sensor | Fiber Optic Sensor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insertion Loss | Yog lawm | Tsis muaj | Tsis muaj | Tsis muaj |
| Daim Ntawv Npaj | Yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub ntsiab Circuit Court | Qhib qhov, xaim nkag | Qhib qhov, xaim nkag | - |
| Kev Ntsuas Object | DC, AC, Pulse | AC | DC, AC, Pulse | DC, AC |
| Hluav taws xob cais | Tsis muaj kev cais tawm | cais | cais | cais |
| Yooj yim siv | Me me teeb liab amplification, xav tau kev cais tawm | Yooj yim rau siv | Yooj yim siv | - |
| Daim ntawv thov Scenario | Tam sim no me me, tswj kev ntsuas | AC ntsuas, saib xyuas daim phiaj hluav taws xob | Tswj kev ntsuas | Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv siab -voltage ntsuas fais fab tshuab |
| Nqe | Tsawg heev | Tsawg | Kwv tij siab | Siab |
| Qib nrov | Nrov nrov | Nrov nrov | Nrov nrov heev | Tsis nrov |
Ntawm cov xwm txheej no, tus nqi siab ntawm fiber ntau optic sensors txwv lawv daim ntawv thov hauv kev tswj xyuas; shunts tsawg-tus nqi thiab muaj cov lus teb zoo, tab sis yog cumbersome siv raws li lawv yuav tsum tau txuas nrog lub voj tam sim no; tam sim no transformers tsuas yog siv rau AC ntsuas; thiab Hall element tam sim no sensors muaj kev ua tau zoo thiab siv tau yooj yim. Tam sim no, shunts thiab Hall element tam sim no sensors feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv tam sim no tau txais thiab saib xyuas ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb fais fab roj teeb tswj systems.
Cov Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb, vim muaj kev nyuaj ntawm txoj kev thiab cov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim cov roj teeb, muaj xwm txheej ceev xws li haus luam yeeb lossis hluav taws yuav tshwm sim vim muaj cua sov, compression, lossis kev sib tsoo. Yog tias cov xwm txheej no tsis raug kuaj pom thiab daws tau sai, lawv yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev, hem cov roj teeb nyob ib puag ncig, lub tsheb, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv cov khoom thauj khoom, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev soj ntsuam cov pa luam yeeb tau nkag mus rau hauv kev tswj hwm roj teeb hauv xyoo tas los no thiab tau txais kev saib xyuas ntxiv.
Cov pa luam yeeb muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom tseem ceeb raws li lawv cov qauv kev tshawb pom: ① Cov pa luam yeeb sensors siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li semiconductor pa taws sensors thiab tiv tauj cov pa taws hluav taws xob; ② Cov pa luam yeeb siv lub cev, xws li thermal conductivity pa luam yeeb sensors, optical cuam tshuam pa taws sensors, thiab infrared sensors; ③ Cov pa luam yeeb sensors siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li tam sim no -hom pa taws sensors thiab electromotive force- hom roj sensors. Vim tias cov pa luam yeeb sensors muaj ntau haiv neeg, semiconductor pa luam yeeb sensors tsis tuaj yeem ntes tag nrho cov pa roj. Yog li ntawd, ib hom tshwj xeeb raug xaiv los kuaj ib lossis ob hom pa luam yeeb. Piv txwv li, oxide semiconductor pa luam yeeb sensors feem ntau yog siv los xyuas cov pa roj carbon monoxide, xws li O₂, H₂S, CO, H₂, O₃H₂O, Cl₂, OH, CO₂, thiab lwm yam. Vim muaj kev txwv electrode, cov sensors no feem ntau yog siv los kuaj cov pa taws tsis zoo, xws li CO₂, H₂, SO₂, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum cov pa luam yeeb sensors siv rau hauv cov roj teeb fais fab, kev xaiv sensor yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov pa taws uas tsim los ntawm roj teeb combustion. Feem ntau, roj teeb combustion ua rau cov CO thiab CO2 ntau ntau, yog li cov sensors rhiab rau ob lub roj yuav tsum raug xaiv. Lub sensor tus qauv yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau qhov kev co ntawm lub sij hawm ntev - siv tsheb los tiv thaiv kev ua tsis ncaj vim txoj kev plua plav thiab kev co.
Lub tswb hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv lub hwj chim tswj lub roj teeb yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm tus tsav tsheb lub console. Thaum tau txais lub tswb ceeb toom, nws yuav tsum tau muab lub tswb nrov nrov thiab pom qhov muag thiab qhov chaw ua txhaum, kom tus neeg tsav tsheb tuaj yeem ntes thiab tau txais lub tswb nrov tam sim ntawd.
Piv txwv li, lub tswb hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob hauv Olympic tsheb npav, feem ntau tsim los ntawm Beijing Institute of Technology, siv lub roj teeb uas siv los ntawm 9V alkaline lossis carbon-zinc roj teeb, ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm 24-teev. Lub tswb ceeb toom yog siv los ntawm lub tsheb lub 24V roj teeb fais fab mov, uas tau muab cais los xyuas kom muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm lub tswb. Distributed alarms ntes pa luam yeeb concentration los ntawm cov pa taws sensors sab hauv. Thaum cov pa luam yeeb concentration qis dua qhov kev txwv, tus tswj sab hauv ntawm lub tswb teeb tsa cov zis tawm mus rau qhib Circuit Court; Thaum cov pa luam yeeb ntau dhau qhov txwv, tus tswj sab hauv teeb tsa cov khoom xa tawm mus rau luv luv, kos duab sai sai rau +24V fais fab mov rau lub vaj huam sib luag los tsim lub tswb ntsuas hluav taws xob nrog -24V fais fab mov ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag, emitting lub tswb nrov thiab pom lub teeb liab. Cov qauv siv tau pom hauv daim duab 8-11.
